Carpal tunnel syndrome is a condition characterized by compression or irritation of the median nerve in the wrist. It occurs when the median nerve, which runs through the carpal tunnel (a narrow passageway in the wrist), becomes compressed or inflamed, leading to symptoms such as pain, numbness, and tingling in the hand and fingers.

Carpal tunnel syndrome can be caused by a variety of factors, including repetitive hand movements, prolonged and forceful hand or wrist activities, wrist injuries, certain medical conditions (such as arthritis, diabetes, and thyroid disorders), hormonal changes (such as during pregnancy), and anatomical factors (such as a narrow carpal tunnel or wrist shape).

Common symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome include pain, numbness, tingling, and a burning sensation in the thumb, index finger, middle finger, and half of the ring finger. Some individuals may also experience weakness in the affected hand, difficulty gripping objects, and a tendency to drop things.

A diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome is typically based on a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests. During the examination, a healthcare professional may assess symptoms, perform specific maneuvers to reproduce symptoms, and evaluate hand strength and sensation. Diagnostic tests such as nerve conduction studies and electromyography (EMG) may be used to measure nerve function and assess the severity of the condition.

The treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome depends on the severity of symptoms and individual circumstances. Mild to moderate cases may initially be managed with conservative measures such as wrist splinting, activity modification, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and corticosteroid injections. If conservative treatments are not effective, or if the condition is severe or worsening, surgery may be recommended to relieve pressure on the median nerve.

While carpal tunnel syndrome cannot always be prevented, certain measures may help reduce the risk or minimize symptoms. These include maintaining good posture, practicing proper ergonomics at work, taking regular breaks from repetitive hand or wrist activities, performing hand and wrist stretches, using ergonomic tools and equipment, and maintaining overall hand and wrist health through exercise and conditioning.

Yes, carpal tunnel syndrome can affect one or both hands. It is not uncommon for individuals to experience symptoms in both hands, especially if the underlying causes or risk factors are present in both wrists.

In some cases, mild symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome may improve with conservative measures and self-care techniques. However, if the condition is persistent, worsening, or causing significant impairment, it is advisable to seek medical evaluation and appropriate treatment to prevent further damage and promote symptom relief.

If left untreated or if the condition is severe, carpal tunnel syndrome can lead to chronic pain, muscle weakness, and loss of hand function. It is important to address the condition promptly to prevent long-term complications and preserve hand and wrist functionality.